Prostatitisis an inflammatory disease of the prostate gland.Begins to develop in 80% of young men aged 20 to 30 years.There are acute and chronic prostatitis.Bacterial prostatitis occurs in 10% of cases.A combination of prostatitis with prostate adenoma and cystitis is often found.
Prostatitis is usually treated at home, but in severe cases and acute forms, hospitalization may be necessary.
General information
Bacteria that cause inflammation of the prostate gland:
- Escherichia coli (the most common pathogen);
- Klebsiella;
- staphylococci;
- streptococcus;
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa;
- chlamydia;
- mycoplasma;
- gonococci;
- Trichomonas
Main symptoms:
- burning in urethra;
- heaviness when urinating;
- frequent urge to urinate, accompanied by unpleasant sensations;
- slow flow of urine;
- bladder fullness even after urinating;
- decreased potency;
- high temperature (in acute form).
Diagnostic methods:
- digital rectal examination of the prostate;
- ultrasound examination of the prostate;
- microscopic examination of smears;
- smear bacterial culture;
- detection of bacterial DNA by PCR - Androflor.
Antibacterial therapy
Antibiotic options for the treatment of prostatitis are quite limited.This is due to the fact that only highly fat-soluble antibiotics can accumulate in sufficiently high concentrations in the prostate gland.
List of antibacterial drugs for the treatment of acute prostatitis:
- Fluoroquinolones;
- Penicillin;
- Cephalosporins;
- Aminoglycosides.
Antibiotics for the treatment of chronic prostatitis:
- Fluoroquinolones;
- Macrolides;
- Tetracycline.
Fluoroquinolones
Fluoroquinolones are the most effective drugs for bacterial prostatitis.Broad spectrum medicine.Active against all prostatitis pathogens.
They are used for acute and chronic prostatitis.
Side effects:
- photodermatitis - allergic skin irritation under the influence of sunlight;
- tendonitis - inflammation of tendons;
- heart rhythm disturbances - prolongation of the Q-T interval;
- anxiety;
- sleep disorder.
When fluoroquinolones are taken simultaneously with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, seizures similar to epileptic seizures may occur.
In each case of a specific disease, the dosage and form of use can only be determined by the attending physician.
Macrolides
The best medicine for prostatitis caused by intracellular pathogens - chlamydia and mycoplasma.They have an anti-inflammatory effect.
Its disadvantage is its low effectiveness against the main pathogens - Escherichia coli and Klebsiella.
They are only used for chronic prostatitis in the form of tablets or capsules.
Side effects:
- increased liver enzymes in the blood;
- bile stagnation;
- heart rhythm disturbances - prolongation of the Q-T interval
This course is 8 weeks.
Tetracycline
Active against chlamydia and mycoplasma.Not effective against common prostatitis pathogens.Their main advantage is that they are cheap and effective.
Used only for chronic prostatitis.
The course of therapy is 8 weeks.
Side effects:
- peptic ulcer of the esophagus;
- liver and kidney damage;
- yellow staining of the teeth;
- photodermatitis;
- impaired movement coordination.
Penicillins, cephalosporins and aminoglycosides
It is used in the form of injections in the following cases:
- severe course of acute prostatitis;
- lack of effect when taking fluoroquinolones;
- The main causative agent of prostatitis is gonococcus.
Nitroimidazoles and nitrofurans
This medicine is used for prostatitis caused by Trichomonas.
It is strictly forbidden to drink alcohol while taking it.
Side effects:
- metallic taste in the mouth;
- impaired movement coordination;
- increased levels of liver enzymes in the blood;
- reduction in the number of red blood cells and white blood cells.
Non-antibacterial therapy
For the successful treatment of prostatitis, especially chronic, in addition to taking antibiotics, the following types of treatment are used:
- Prostate massage is an excellent way to improve blood supply and drain inflammatory secretions from the prostate gland;
- physiotherapy;
- non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs - not used in parallel with fluoroquinolones;
- herbal preparations;
- alpha blockers.